Decline in Physical Functioning

While many elderly remain healthy and active throughout their lives, with advancing age there is an increased likelihood that people will experience some decline in physical functioning. These declines may include osteoarthritic changes, circulatory problems, and sensory changes (including decreased visual acuity), all of which impede mobility in a variety of ways.

• Osteoarthritic conditions restrict mobility on a variety of levels. They restrict range of motion, cause pain that can lead to decreased ambulation, and change posture, possibly placing the person at risk for falls.
  
  
• Circulatory problems can lead to poor perfusion of extremities, pain, and dizziness (cerebral changes or postural hypotension), thus contributing to mobility problems.
  
  
• Sensory changes alter, among other things, visual perception and may lead to an inability to drive, which is a serious impediment to independence and mobility. Losing the capacity to drive poses serious self-esteem issues as well as transportation difficulties for the elderly. Loss of hearing can lead to feelings of isolation. Hearing aids can be uncomfortable and/or cause increased background noise, often making the elderly (and others) reluctant to wear them.